Monday, March 31, 2014
Sunday, March 30, 2014
TYPOGRAPHIC SKILLS
TYPOGRAPHY.
HISTORY -> From the Greek words is the art and technique of arranging type in order to make the language it forms most appealing to transparent learning and recognition.
Arrangement of type involves the selection of typefaces, point size, line length, leading (line spacing), adjusting the spaces between groups of letters (tracking) and adjusting the space between pairs of letters.
typography anatomy
-Performed by typesetters, compositors, typographers, graphic designers, art directors
, comic book artists, graffiti artists, clerical workers, and anyone else who arranges type for a product.
ASCENDER.-Is the portion of a minuscule letter in a Latin-derived alphabet that extends above the mean line of a font.
BAR.-Modification consisting of a line drawn through a grapheme.
-It may be used as a diacritic to derive new letters from old ones, or simply as an addition to make a grapheme more distinct from others.
-It can take the form of a vertical bar, slash, or crossbar.
BASELINE.
-The baseline is the line upon which most letters "sit" and below which descenders extend example g,j,p,q and y.BOWL.
-The curved part of the character that encloses the circular or curved parts (counter) of some letters such as d, b, o, D, and B is the bowl.
BRACKET.
-The bracket is a curved or wedge-like connection between the stem and serif of some fonts.
-Not all serifs are bracketed serifs. Brackets can have different shapes with deep or gentle curves.
CONTRAST.
-The degree of difference between the thick and thin strokes ina font (if any).
COUNTER.-The enclosed or partially enclosed circular or curved negative space (white space) of some letters such as d, o, and s is the counter.
DESCENDER.-The portion of some lowercase letters, such as g and y, that extends or descends below the baseline is the descender.
LOOP.
-The enclosed or partially enclosed extenders on cursive p, b, l, and similiar letters are also called loops.
-Both uppercase and lowercase cursive letters often have extra loops and flourishes.
SANS SERIF .
-A general term for fonts without traditional serifs ('sans' is the French for 'without').
SERIF.-A serif is the little extra stroke found at the end of main vertical and horizontal strokes of some letterforms.
-Serifs fall into various groups and can be generally described as hairline (hair), square (slab), or wedge and are either bracketed or unbracketed.SHOULDER.
-The curve at the beginning of a leg of a character, such as in an “m.”
STEM.
-The stem is the main, usually vertical stroke of a letterform.
Also Known As: stroke.
STRESS.-The thickening of curved strokes and the position or angle of this thickening in relationship to the vertical axis.
-An important design feature of most typeface and lettering styles, stress is derived from a related feature in writing created with a broad-edged writing instrument.X-HEIGHT.
- x-height is the distance between the baseline of a line of type and tops of the main body of lower case letters (i.e. excluding ascenders or descenders).
-The x-height is a factor in typeface identification and readability.TYPOGRRAPHY MEASURE.-Is the length of a line of text. For a single-column design measure should ideally lie between 40 & 80 characters.
-Many typographers consider the perfect measure to be 65 characters.
-If the lines are too short then the text becomes disjointed, if they are too long the content loses rhythm as the reader searches for the start of each line.
-Punctuation should preferably hang outside the measure.
HISTORY -> From the Greek words is the art and technique of arranging type in order to make the language it forms most appealing to transparent learning and recognition.
Arrangement of type involves the selection of typefaces, point size, line length, leading (line spacing), adjusting the spaces between groups of letters (tracking) and adjusting the space between pairs of letters.
typography anatomy
-Performed by typesetters, compositors, typographers, graphic designers, art directors
, comic book artists, graffiti artists, clerical workers, and anyone else who arranges type for a product.
ASCENDER.-Is the portion of a minuscule letter in a Latin-derived alphabet that extends above the mean line of a font.
BAR.-Modification consisting of a line drawn through a grapheme.
-It may be used as a diacritic to derive new letters from old ones, or simply as an addition to make a grapheme more distinct from others.
-It can take the form of a vertical bar, slash, or crossbar.
-The baseline is the line upon which most letters "sit" and below which descenders extend example g,j,p,q and y.BOWL.
-The curved part of the character that encloses the circular or curved parts (counter) of some letters such as d, b, o, D, and B is the bowl.
BRACKET.
-The bracket is a curved or wedge-like connection between the stem and serif of some fonts.
-Not all serifs are bracketed serifs. Brackets can have different shapes with deep or gentle curves.
CONTRAST.
-The degree of difference between the thick and thin strokes ina font (if any).
COUNTER.-The enclosed or partially enclosed circular or curved negative space (white space) of some letters such as d, o, and s is the counter.
DESCENDER.-The portion of some lowercase letters, such as g and y, that extends or descends below the baseline is the descender.
LOOP.
-The enclosed or partially enclosed extenders on cursive p, b, l, and similiar letters are also called loops.
-Both uppercase and lowercase cursive letters often have extra loops and flourishes.
SANS SERIF .
-A general term for fonts without traditional serifs ('sans' is the French for 'without').
SERIF.-A serif is the little extra stroke found at the end of main vertical and horizontal strokes of some letterforms.
-Serifs fall into various groups and can be generally described as hairline (hair), square (slab), or wedge and are either bracketed or unbracketed.SHOULDER.
-The curve at the beginning of a leg of a character, such as in an “m.”
STEM.
-The stem is the main, usually vertical stroke of a letterform.
Also Known As: stroke.
STRESS.-The thickening of curved strokes and the position or angle of this thickening in relationship to the vertical axis.
-An important design feature of most typeface and lettering styles, stress is derived from a related feature in writing created with a broad-edged writing instrument.X-HEIGHT.
- x-height is the distance between the baseline of a line of type and tops of the main body of lower case letters (i.e. excluding ascenders or descenders).
-The x-height is a factor in typeface identification and readability.TYPOGRRAPHY MEASURE.-Is the length of a line of text. For a single-column design measure should ideally lie between 40 & 80 characters.
-Many typographers consider the perfect measure to be 65 characters.
-If the lines are too short then the text becomes disjointed, if they are too long the content loses rhythm as the reader searches for the start of each line.
-Punctuation should preferably hang outside the measure.
Wednesday, March 26, 2014
PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
COPYRIGHT.
Copyright came about with the invention of the printing press and with wider public literacy.
- legal concept, its origins in Britain were from a reaction to printers' monopolies at the beginning of the 18th century.
- Charles II of England concerned by the unregulated copying of books and passed the Licensing of the Press Act 1662 by Act of Parliament,
- established a register of licensed books and required a copy to be deposited with the Stationers' Company, essentially continuing the licensing of material that had long been in effect.
- Copyright laws allow products of creative human activities, such as literary and artistic production, to be preferentially exploited and thus incentivized.
- Different cultural attitudes, social organizations, economic models and legal frameworks are seen to account for why copyright emerged in Europe and not, for example,
. In Asia there was generally a lack of any concept of literary property due to the general relations of production, the specific organization of literary production and the role of culture in society.
. latter refers to the tendency of oral societies, such as that of Europe in the medieval period, to view knowledge as the product and expression of the collective, rather than to see it as individual proper.
-However, intellectual production comes to be seen as a product of an individual, with attendant rights. Most jurisdictions recognize copyright limitations, allowing "fair" exceptions to the creator's exclusivity of copyright, and giving users certain rights.
copyright logo
DIGITAL WATERMARKING.-Digital watermark is a kind of marker covertly embedded in a noise-tolerant signal such as audio or image data.
- May be used to verify the authenticity or integrity of the carrier signal or to show the identity of its owners.
- Prominently used for tracing copyright infringements and for banknote authentication.
- traditional watermarks, digital watermarks are only perceptible under certain conditions, i.e. after using some algorithm, and imperceptible anytime else.
- Traditional Watermarks may be applied to visible media (like images or video), whereas in digital watermarking, the signal may be audio, pictures, video, texts or 3D models.
- The first watermarks appeared in Italy during the 13th century, but their use rapidly spread across Europe.
- The marks a wire sewn onto the paper mold. Watermarks continue to be used today as manufacturer's marks and to prevent forgery.
Copyright came about with the invention of the printing press and with wider public literacy.
- legal concept, its origins in Britain were from a reaction to printers' monopolies at the beginning of the 18th century.
- Charles II of England concerned by the unregulated copying of books and passed the Licensing of the Press Act 1662 by Act of Parliament,
- established a register of licensed books and required a copy to be deposited with the Stationers' Company, essentially continuing the licensing of material that had long been in effect.
- Copyright laws allow products of creative human activities, such as literary and artistic production, to be preferentially exploited and thus incentivized.
- Different cultural attitudes, social organizations, economic models and legal frameworks are seen to account for why copyright emerged in Europe and not, for example,
. In Asia there was generally a lack of any concept of literary property due to the general relations of production, the specific organization of literary production and the role of culture in society.
. latter refers to the tendency of oral societies, such as that of Europe in the medieval period, to view knowledge as the product and expression of the collective, rather than to see it as individual proper.
-However, intellectual production comes to be seen as a product of an individual, with attendant rights. Most jurisdictions recognize copyright limitations, allowing "fair" exceptions to the creator's exclusivity of copyright, and giving users certain rights.
DIGITAL WATERMARKING.-Digital watermark is a kind of marker covertly embedded in a noise-tolerant signal such as audio or image data.
- May be used to verify the authenticity or integrity of the carrier signal or to show the identity of its owners.
- Prominently used for tracing copyright infringements and for banknote authentication.
- traditional watermarks, digital watermarks are only perceptible under certain conditions, i.e. after using some algorithm, and imperceptible anytime else.
- Traditional Watermarks may be applied to visible media (like images or video), whereas in digital watermarking, the signal may be audio, pictures, video, texts or 3D models.
- The first watermarks appeared in Italy during the 13th century, but their use rapidly spread across Europe.
- The marks a wire sewn onto the paper mold. Watermarks continue to be used today as manufacturer's marks and to prevent forgery.
CRITICAL STUDY in ART and DESIGN
EDWARD DE BONO 6 THINKING HATS.
- Is a theory of intelligence that differentiates it into specific (primarily sensory) "modalities", rather than seeing intelligence as dominated by a single general ability.
WHITE HAT.
Neutral, Objective, Information.
RED HAT.
Hunches, Intuition , Gut Feelings.
BLACK HAT.
Analyst, Logical Negative.
YELLOW HAT.
Growth, Possibilities, Ideas.
BLUE HAT.
Agenda, Process, Organizer, Overview, Decision.
MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE.
BODILY-KINESTHETIC.
- Learning through the posture of the body movement.
INTERPERSONAL.
-Who have high interpersonal intelligence are character by their sensitivity to moods, feelings, temperaments and motivations, and their ability to cooperate in order to work as part of a group.
VERBAL-LINGUISTIC.
-A person good at reading, writing, telling stories and memorizing words along with dates.
LOGICAL-MATHEMATICAL.
- Understand the underlying principles of some kind of causal system.
NATURALISTIC.
-Understand the area of nature and the eco-system.
INTRAPERSONAL.
- Understanding what one's strengths/ weaknesses are, what makes one unique, being able to predict one's own reactions/emotions.
VISUAL-SPATIAL.
- Judgment the ability to visualize with the mind's eye.
MUSICAL.
-Have sensitivity to rhythm, pitch, meter, tone, melody or timbre.
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